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Hamman's syndrome
Hamman's syndrome, also known as Macklin's syndrome, is a syndrome of spontaneous subcutaneous emphysema (air in the subcutaneous tissues of the skin) and pneumomediastinum (air in the mediastinum, the center of the chest cavity), sometimes associated with pain and, less commonly, dyspnea (difficulty breathing), dysphonia, and a low-grade fever.
Hamman's syndrome can cause Hamman's sign, an unusual combination of sounds that can be heard with a stethoscope.
==Pathophysiology==
Macklin described the pathophysiology of Hamman's syndrome to be barotrauma, whereby rupture of alveolar membranes causes a positive pressure gradient of air from the lungs into the mediastinum (the Macklin effect).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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